Glucotoxicity, lipotoxicity, and glucolipotoxicity are secondary phenomena that are proposed
to play a role in all forms of type 2 diabetes. The underlying concept is that once the primary …

Glucose in chronic excess causes toxic effects on structure and function of organs, including
the pancreatic islet. Multiple biochemical pathways and mechanisms of action for glucose …

Increasing evidences have suggested that oxidative stress plays a major role in the
pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus (DM). Oxidative stress also appears to be the pathogenic …

In the recent decades, oxidative stress has become focus of interest in most biomedical
disciplines and many types of clinical research. Increasing evidence from research on …

It is well established that regular physiological stimulation by glucose plays a crucial role in
the maintenance of the β-cell differentiated phenotype. In contrast, prolonged or repeated …

Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) is a transcription factor that plays a crucial role in coordinating
innate and adaptive immunity, inflammation, and apoptotic cell death. NF-κB is activated by …

Hydrogels provide three-dimensional frameworks with tissue-like elasticity and high
permeability for culturing therapeutically relevant cells or tissues. While recent research …

Study objectives To investigate the relationship between the severity of obstructive sleep
apnea (OSA) and oxidative stress, which plays an important role in the pathogenesis of …

Diabetes is commonly referred to in terms of type 1 and type 2. Both forms involve pancreatic
islet β-cell abnormalities, characterized by death in type 1 and accelerated apoptosis in type …

Chronic exposure of pancreatic β‐cells to supraphysiologic glucose causes adverse β‐cell
dysfunction. Thus, the present study was aimed to investigate the hypothesis that oral …