Emotions are powerful determinants of behaviour, thought and experience, and they may be
regulated in various ways. Neuroimaging studies have implicated several brain regions in …

To compare findings across species, neuroscience relies on cross-species homologies,
particularly in terms of brain areas. For cingulate cortex, a structure implicated in behavioural …

Over the past 20 years, neuroscience research on reward-based learning has converged on
a canonical model, under which the neurotransmitter dopamine 'stamps in'associations …

Recent advancements in cognitive neuroscience have afforded a description of neural
responses in terms of latent algorithmic operations. However, the adoption of this approach …

Apathy is a debilitating syndrome associated with many neurological disorders, including
several common neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's …

How does our brain choose the best course of action? Choices between material goods are
thought to be steered by neural value signals that encode the rewarding properties of the …

The outcome of a decision is often uncertain, and outcomes can vary over repeated
decisions. Whether decision outcomes should substantially affect behaviour and learning …

The orbitofrontal cortex represents the reward or affective value of primary reinforcers
including taste, touch, texture, and face expression. It learns to associate other stimuli with …

Evidence from imaging and anatomical studies suggests that the midcingulate cortex (MCC)
is a dynamic hub lying at the interface of affect and cognition. In particular, this neural system …

Much research in cognitive neuroscience supports prediction as a canonical computation of
cognition across domains. Is such predictive coding implemented by feedback from higher …