Human papillomavirus (HPV)-related malignancies are responsible for almost all cases of
cervical cancer in women, and over 50% of all cases of head and neck carcinoma …

Immunotherapy is a rapidly expanding field of oncology aimed at targeting, not the tumor
itself, but the immune system combating the cancerous lesion. Of the many approaches …

Introduction: Although much progress has been made in the last decade (s) toward
development of effective cancer vaccines, there are still important obstacles to therapeutic …

Trastuzumab, a monoclonal antibody targeting human epidermal growth factor receptor 2
(HER2; also known as HER-2/neu), is indicated for the treatment of women with either early …

CD137 (4-1BB, Tnsfr9) is a member of the TNF-receptor (TNFR) superfamily without known
intrinsic enzymatic activity in its cytoplasmic domain. Hence, akin to other members of the …

Treatment with cetuximab, an EGFR-targeting IgG1 mAb, results in beneficial, yet limited,
clinical improvement for patients with head and neck (HN) cancer as well as colorectal …

Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC), which is largely mediated by natural
killer (NK) cells, is thought to play an important role in the efficacy of rituximab, an anti-CD20 …

CD137 (4‐1BB, TNF‐receptor superfamily 9) is a surface glycoprotein of the TNFR family
which can be induced on a variety of leukocyte subsets. On T and NK cells, CD137 is …

Tumor antigen (TA)-specific immunotherapy is an emerging approach for cancer treatment.
Potent adjuvants are prerequisites to the immunotherapy for overcoming the low …

The ability of tumor cells to evade the immune system is one of the main challenges we
confront in the fight against cancer. Multiple strategies have been developed to counteract …