Environmental exposures, psychosocial stressors and nutrition are all potentially important
influences that may impact health outcomes directly or via interactions with the genome or …

Air pollution is a global health threat and causes millions of human deaths annually. The late
onset of respiratory diseases in children and adults due to prenatal or perinatal exposure to …

The mucosal surfaces of the gut and airways have important barrier functions and regulate
the induction of immunological tolerance. The rapidly increasing incidence of chronic …

Maternal smoking during pregnancy continues to represent a major public health concern.
Nicotine is extremely harmful to the developing fetus through many different mechanisms …

Rationale: Although epidemiological studies suggest that exposure to maternal smoking
during fetal and early life increases the risk of childhood wheezing and asthma, previous …

Background The understanding of the role of smoking exposure in the induction of wheezing
and asthma in children is important for prevention. Methods A systematic review of literature …

Smoking still represents a huge public health problem. Millions of children suffer the
detrimental effects of passive smoking. An increasing number of countries have recently …

It has become clear that early life (including in utero exposures) is a key window of
vulnerability during which environmental exposures can alter developmental trajectories …

Embryonic lung development requires reciprocal endodermal-mesodermal interactions;
mediated by various signaling proteins. Wnt/β-catenin is a signaling protein that exhibits the …

The increasing use of new and emerging tobacco products has raised public health concern
worldwide. This study aimed to assess the association between tobacco product use and the …