Glutamate is one of the most prevalent neurotransmitters released by excitatory neurons in
the central nervous system (CNS); however, residual glutamate in the extracellular space is …

In Alzheimer's disease (AD), early synaptic dysfunction is associated with the increased
oligomeric amyloid-beta peptide, which causes NMDAR-dependent synaptic depression …

Dementia is a chronic or progressive syndrome, characterized by impaired cognitive
capacity beyond what could be considered a consequence of normal aging. It affects the …

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is severely disabling, and current treatments have limited
efficacy. The glutamate N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonist ketamine was …

BACKGROUND Since it was established that the cognitive brain is formed mostly by an
interconnected network of neurons that communicate at contact sites termed synapses …

Neuronal computation is energetically expensive. Consequently, the brain's limited energy
supply imposes constraints on its information processing capability. Most brain energy is …

Abstract Calcium (Ca 2+) is an universal second messenger that regulates the most
important activities of all eukaryotic cells. It is of critical importance to neurons as it …

NMDA receptor (NMDAR)-induced excitotoxicity is thought to contribute to the cell death
associated with certain neurodegenerative diseases, stroke, epilepsy, and traumatic brain …

There is a long-standing paradox that NMDA (N-methyl-d-aspartate) receptors (NMDARs)
can both promote neuronal health and kill neurons. Recent studies show that NMDAR …

Huntington's disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative disorder caused by a CAG repeat
expansion in the gene encoding for huntingtin protein. A lot has been learned about this …