Route of administration influences substitution patterns in rats trained to discriminate methadone vs. vehicle

RE Vann, LE Wise, SA Varvel, SD Philibin… - Drug and alcohol …, 2009 - Elsevier
Replacement therapy with the synthetic μ-opioid agonist methadone is an efficacious
treatment for opioid abuse. While much is known about methadone's pharmacology, its …

Drug discrimination using a Pavlovian conditional discrimination paradigm in pigeons

BK Parker, DW Schaal, M Miller - Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior, 1994 - Elsevier
Three pigeons were studied using a discriminated autoshaping procedure in which the
presence or absence of methadone served as a conditional stimulus signalling which of two …

Discrimination of methadone and cocaine by pigeons without explicit discrimination training

DW Schaal, MP McDonald, MA Miller… - Journal of the …, 1996 - Wiley Online Library
Pigeons were trained to peck a key on a variable‐interval 2‐min schedule of food
reinforcement. Prior to each session, either 2.0 mg/kg methadone (n= 3), 3.0 mg/kg cocaine …

Searching for evidence of transfer between drug facilitators

MA Miller, BK Parker, JP Keely, JL Johnson… - Learning and …, 2002 - Elsevier
Four autoshaping experiments with pigeons examined the transfer of facilitation between
drug stimuli. In Experiment 1 the presence and absence of methadone or phencyclidine …