A man dies because his body has rejected a heart transplant; a woman is crippled by
rheumatoid arthritis; a child goes into a coma that is brought on by cerebral malaria; another …

▪ Abstract T helper lymphocytes can be divided into two distinct subsets of effector cells
based on their functional capabilities and the profile of cytokines they produce. The Th1 …

The HIV-1-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response is temporally associated with the
decline in viremia during primary HIV-1 infection, but definitive evidence that it is of …

The precise role played by HIV-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) in HIV infection
remains controversial. Despite strong CTL responses being generated during the …

The ability of MHC molecules to present a broad spectrum of peptide antigens for T cell
recognition requires a compromise between high affinity and broad specificity. Three …

House mice prefer mates genetically dissimilar at the major histocompatibility complex
(MHC). The highly polymorphic MHC genes control immunological self/nonself recognition; …

Only natural selection can account for the extreme genetic diversity of genes of the major
histocompatibility complex (MHC). Although the structure and function of classic MHC genes …

Abstract THE Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)-encoded nuclear antigen (EBNA1) is expressed in
latently EBV-infected B lymphocytes that persist for life in healthy virus carriers1, 2, and is …

From HIV to influenza, the battle between infectious agents and the immune system is at the
heart of disease. Knowledge of how and why parasites vary to escape recognition by the …

Antigen-specific T cell immunity is HLA-restricted. Human immunodeficiency virus–type 1
(HIV-1) mutations that allow escape from host immune responses may therefore be HLA …