The use of the pointing gesture is one of the first ways to communicate with the world. This
gesture emerges before the second year of life and it is assumed to be the first form of …

Since the BBS article in which Premack and Woodruff (1978) asked “Does the chimpanzee
have a theory of mind?,” it has been repeatedly claimed that there is observational and …

Unlike any other species, humans can learn and use language. This book explains how the
brain evolved to make language possible, through what Michael Arbib calls the Mirror …

The philosophy of animal minds addresses profound questions about the nature of mind and
the relationships between humans and other animals. In this fully revised and updated …

Language's intentional nature has been highlighted as a crucial feature distinguishing it
from other communication systems. Specifically, language is often thought to depend on …

The performance of language is multimodal, not confined to speech. Review of monkey and
ape communication demonstrates greater flexibility in the use of hands and body than for …

In human infancy, 2 criteria for intentional communication are (a) persistence in and (b)
elaboration of communication when initial attempts to communicate fail. Twenty‐nine …

Chimpanzees, Pan troglodytes, produce numerous species-atypical signals when raised in
captivity. We examined contextual elements of the use of two of these vocal signals, the …

Darwin observed that form, and in his view, meaning, of facial behaviour (observable
changes in the appearance of the face, often termed facial 'expression') is similar between a …

In humans, referential gestures intentionally draw the attention of a partner to an object of
mutual interest, and are considered a key element in language development. Outside …