Human beings are adept at discerning relevant information from complex systems by
processing visual information. Similarly, as scientists labor to understand the fundamental …

The crystalline lens is a transparent and refractive biconvex structure formed by lens
epithelial cells (LECs) and lens fibers. Lens opacity, also known as cataracts, is the leading …

The study of proteins is one of the most challenging tasks in analytical chemistry. The initial
protein research focused on developing techniques that could separate and identify the …

The human retina provides vision at light levels ranging from starlight to sunlight. Its
supporting tissues regulate plasma-delivered lipophilic essentials for vision, including …

Stargardt disease is a juvenile onset retinal degeneration, associated with elevated levels of
lipofuscin and its bis-retinoid components, such as N-retinylidene-N-retinylethanolamine …

Lens crystallin proteins make up 90% of expressed proteins in the ocular lens and are
primarily responsible for maintaining lens transparency and establishing the gradient of …

Cataracts are opacifications of the lens that cause loss of visual acuity and ultimately of
eyesight. Age-related cataract develops in most elderly people, but the mechanisms of …

The human optic nerve carries signals from the retina to the visual cortex of the brain. Each
optic nerve is comprised of approximately one million nerve fibers that are organized into …

MALDI imaging requires careful sample preparation to obtain reliable, high-quality images
of small molecules, peptides, lipids, and proteins across tissue sections. Poor crystal …

MS imaging (MSI) is a valuable tool for diagnostics and systems biology studies, being a
highly sensitive, label‐free technique capable of providing comprehensive spatial …