Astrocytes, the most abundant glial cells in the mammalian brain, are critical regulators of
brain development and physiology through dynamic and often bidirectional interactions with …

Astrocytes, through their close associations with synapses, can monitor and alter synaptic
function, thus actively controlling synaptic transmission in the adult brain. Besides their …

How metabolism is reprogrammed during neuronal differentiation is unknown. We found that
the loss of hexokinase (HK2) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDHA) expression, together with …

Available methods for differentiating human embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and induced
pluripotent cells (iPSCs) into neurons are often cumbersome, slow, and variable …

Neuronal networks are capable of undergoing rapid structural and functional changes called
plasticity, which are essential for shaping circuit function during nervous system …

Growing evidence implicates the importance of glia, particularly astrocytes, in neurological
and psychiatric diseases. Here, we describe a rapid and robust method for the differentiation …

Human cell reprogramming technologies offer access to live human neurons from patients
and provide a new alternative for modeling neurological disorders in vitro. Neural electrical …

Human pluripotent stem cells are a powerful tool for modeling brain development and
disease. The human cortex is composed of two major neuronal populations: projection …

Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) provide a model to study early neural development,
model pathological processes, and develop therapeutics. The generation of functionally …

Directed neuronal differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs), neural
progenitors, or fibroblasts using transcription factors has allowed for the rapid and highly …