Rationale Current pharmacological approaches to treatment of post-traumatic stress
disorder (PTSD) lack adequate effectiveness. As a result, identifying new molecular targets …

Multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS) is a complex medical condition associated with low dose
chemical exposures. MCS is characterized by diverse features and common comorbidities …

Rats re-exposed to an environment previously associated with the onset of shocks evoke a
set of conditioned defensive responses in preparation to an eventual flight or fight reaction …

The endocannabinoid (eCB) anandamide (AEA) is synthesized on-demand in the post-
synaptic terminal and can act on presynaptic cannabinoid type 1 (CB1) receptors …

Stress exposure can result in several proinflammatory alterations in the brain, including
overexpression of the inducible isoform of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in the medial …

While rodent models are vital for studying mental disorders, the underestimation of construct
validity of fear indicators has led to limitations in translating to effective clinical treatments …

Abstract Background and Purpose The dorsal hippocampus (dHIP) is pivotal for learning,
memory, and defensive responses. Transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1) …

Objective: The transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily V (vanilloid), member 1
(TRPV1) mediates pain perception to thermal and chemical stimuli in peripheral neurons …

A functional lateralization has been reported in control of emotional responses by the medial
prefrontal cortex (mPFC). However, a hemisphere asymmetry in involvement of the mPFC in …

Rationale Re-exposing an animal to an environment previously paired with an aversive
stimulus evokes large alterations in behavioral and cardiovascular parameters. Dorsal …