Vegetation is an important link between land, atmosphere, and water, making its changes of
great significance. However, existing research has predominantly focused on long-term …

Deep learning-based super-resolution methods have been successfully applied to digital
elevation model (DEM) downscaling studies by designing structures and loss functions of …

Mountains are an important research object for surveying, mapping, cartography, space
science, and ecological remote sensing. Automatic mountain segmentation is one of the …

Genetic landform recognition is critical for understanding the composition of the Earth
surface and its dynamic processes. The graph-driven approach is a significant paradigm in …

A peak is an important topographic feature crucial in quantitative geomorphic feature
analysis, digital geomorphological mapping, and other fields. Most peak extraction methods …

Terrain feature points, such as peaks, pits, and saddles, represent the macro-structure of the
landform. Conventional techniques for extracting these points from digital elevation models …

The shoulder line is fundamental to geomorphic evolution and erosion monitoring research
on the Loess Plateau, which represents the boundary between positive terrain (intergully) …

In the study of mountainous areas, mountain peaks play a vital role as geomorphic features
that have significant influence on hydrological processes, vegetation distribution, and other …