Study Design. A meta-analysis of the published literature was conducted specifically looking
at accuracy and the postoperative methods used for the assessment of pedicle screw …

Hadra65 first used silver-wire internal fixation for the treatment of a cervical fracture-
dislocation and tuberculous spondylitis in 1891. Later, King84 introduced facet screws for …

Study Design. A comparative study on the position of pedicle screws in patients treated
surgically with and without computer assistance. Objectives. To evaluate the accuracy of …

Study Design. Randomized clinical trial (level I evidence). Objective. To compare the
accuracy of non-navigation and Iso-C based navigation in pedicle screw fixation in thoracic …

Improved pedicle screw insertion accuracy has been reported with the assistance of
computer tomography-based navigation. Studies also indicated that fluoroscopy-based …

Methods A geometric model was developed relating spinal pedicle anatomy to accuracy
requirements for image-guided surgery. This model was used to derive error tolerances for …

The article comprises three main parts: a historical review on navigation, the mathematical
basics for calculation and the clinical applications of navigation devices. Main historical …

Navigation technology is a widely available tool in spine surgery and has become a part of
clinical routine in many centers. The issue of where and when navigation technology should …

Study Design. A surgical simulation study in human cadaver spine specimens was
conducted to evaluate the accuracy of thoracic vertebral body screw placement using four …

OBJECTIVE: To introduce a new miniature robot (SpineAssist; MAZOR Surgical
Technologies, Caesarea, Israel) that has been developed and tested as a surgical assistant …