Optogenetic modulation of brain neural activity that combines optical and electrical modes in
a unitary neural system has recently gained robust momentum. Controlling illumination …

Neurological and psychiatric conditions pose an increasing socioeconomic burden on our
aging society. Our ability to understand and treat these conditions relies on the development …

Optogenetics is the use of genetically coded, light-gated ion channels or pumps (opsins) for
millisecond resolution control of neural activity. By targeting opsin expression to specific cell …

Optogenetics is a relatively new technology to achieve cell-type specific neuromodulation
with millisecond-scale temporal precision. Optogenetic tools are being developed to …

Optogenetic methods developed over the past decade enable unprecedented optical
activation and silencing of specific neuronal cell types. However, light scattering in neural …

Optical tissue properties limit visible light depth penetration in tissue. Because of this, the
recent development of optogenetic tools was quickly followed by the development of light …

We report on a compact optrode, ie a MEMS-based, invasive, bidirectional neural interface
allowing to control neural activity using light while neural signals are recorded nearby. The …

Background The tip of an optical fiber has been considered an attractive platform in Biology.
The simple cleaved end of an optical fiber can be machined, patterned and/or …

Optical fibers made of polymeric materials possess high flexibility that can potentially
integrate with flexible electronic devices to realize complex functions in biology and …

Electrical and optical biointerfaces have contributed considerably to understanding
biological systems. Recent advances in biocompatible materials, structure designs, and …