Monocytes (Mo) and macrophages (Mϕ) are key components of the innate immune system
and are involved in regulation of the initiation, development, and resolution of many …

Macrophages play a key role in defending against foreign pathogens, healing wounds, and
regulating tissue homeostasis. Driving this versatility is their phenotypic plasticity, which …

Aim Imbalance of T-helper-cell (TH) subsets (TH1/TH2/TH17) and regulatory T-cells (Tregs)
is suggested to contribute to the pathogenesis of Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) …

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic multi-organ debilitating autoimmune
disease, which mainly afflicts women in the reproductive years. A complex interaction of …

OBJECTIVE: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are capable of modulating the immune
system through interaction with a wide range of immune cells. This study investigates the …

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease that is characterized
by defective immune tolerance combined with immune cell hyperactivity resulting in the …

The immune-regulatory cytokine IL-10 plays a central role during innate and adaptive
immune responses. IL-10 is elevated in the serum and tissues of patients with systemic …

Objective. To determine whether vitamin D3 modulates monocytic expression of intracellular
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) 3, 7 and 9. Methods. Human monocytes were isolated from …

Abstract Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is known to be a tolerogenic cytokine since it inhibits pro-
inflammatory cytokine production and T cell stimulatory capacities of myeloid cells, such as …

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease characterized by the
breakdown of immune tolerance leading to excessive inflammation and tissue damage …