Maintenance of protein homeostasis and organelle integrity and function is critical for
cellular homeostasis and cell viability. Autophagy is the principal mechanism that mediates …

In recent years, exceptional technological advances have enabled the identification and
interrogation of rare circulating tumour cells (CTCs) from blood samples of patients, leading …

Tumor-resident intracellular microbiota is an emerging tumor component that has been
documented for a variety of cancer types with unclear biological functions. Here, we …

The process of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) is fundamental for embryonic
morphogenesis. Cells undergoing it lose epithelial characteristics and integrity, acquire …

Tissues are dynamically shaped by bidirectional communication between resident cells and
the extracellular matrix (ECM) through cell-matrix interactions and ECM remodelling …

Heterogeneity within a tumour increases its ability to adapt to constantly changing
constraints, but adversely affects a patient's prognosis, therapy response and clinical …

Endocytosis is a complex process whereby cell surface proteins, lipids and fluid from the
extracellular environment are packaged, sorted and internalized into cells. Endocytosis is …

Metastatic dissemination occurs very early in the malignant progression of a cancer but the
clinical manifestation of metastases often takes years. In recent decades, 5-year survival of …

Metastasis is the major driver of death in patients with cancer. Invasion of surrounding
tissues and metastasis have been proposed to initiate following loss of the intercellular …

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype associated with early
metastatic recurrence and worse patient outcomes. TNBC tumors express molecular …