For three decades, the US Public Health Service has recommended that all persons capable
of becoming pregnant consume 400 μg/day of folic acid (FA) to prevent neural tube defects …

Abstract Changes in human behaviour and lifestyle over the last century have resulted in a
dramatic increase in the incidence of diabetes worldwide. The epidemic is chiefly of type 2 …

In this paper we review the associations between maternal and child undernutrition with
human capital and risk of adult diseases in low-income and middle-income countries. We …

Although individual behaviors have not been proven to have a strong influence on the risk of
preterm birth, consistent evidence suggests that a constellation of favorable lifestyle factors …

The “fetal” or “early” origins of adult disease hypothesis was originally put forward by David
Barker and colleagues and stated that environmental factors, particularly nutrition, act in …

Context Low birth weight is implicated as a risk factor for type 2 diabetes. However, the
strength, consistency, independence, and shape of the association have not been …

1951–1961 to 61.4 years in 1991–1996. This was principally due to a decline in deaths
occurring in infancy, childhood, and adolescence and was related to more effective public …

Background: Breastfeeding presents clear short-term benefits for child health, mainly
protection against morbidity and mortality from infectious diseases. On the other hand, there …

▪ Abstract A life course approach to chronic disease epidemiology uses a multidisciplinary
framework to understand the importance of time and timing in associations between …

Neurodevelopmental models of schizophrenia that identify longitudinal precursors of illness
have been of great heuristic importance focusing most etiologic research over the past two …