Inferring from patterns observed in biomedical research, ecoimmunological theory predicts
that oxidative stress is a ubiquitous physiological cost that contributes to generating variation …

Trypanosomiasis is a protozoan infection affecting both human and animals in almost all
parts of the world. It can affect a very large range of domestic and wild hosts including …

Brucellosis in dromedary camel bulls leads to either temporary or permanent loss of fertility.
Camel brucellosis is associated with both orchitis and epididymitis. However, the clinical …

Background Camel filariasis induced variable clinical syndromes characterized by fever,
lethargy, localized dermal lesions, loss of condition, and testicular and scrotal swelling. The …

Trypanosoma evansi, a hemoflagellate protozoan parasite, causes wasting disease called
surra in wide range of animals. Although the organism has been reported from various parts …

Materials and Methods: The histopathology and virulence of the TEDC 953 strain were
clarified in mice. Six mice were infected with 1× 10 5 trypomastigotes of TEDC 953 strain …

Immune function plays a fundamental role in the maintenance of organismal homeostasis. It
protects the organism against parasites, pathogens, toxic substances, and cancerous cells …

Abstract Trypanotolerance of the West African dwarf (WAD) breeds may not rule out
significant pathophysiological changes that may affect productivity. In this study, the effects …

Trypanosoma is a protozoan infection that has the potential to harm both humans and
animals in practically every corner of the world. Cattle, buffaloes, sheep, and goats …

Infection. The effect being severe in T. b. brucei but moderate in T. evansi infection and
mixed infections which may affect spermatogenesis and male secondary sex characteristics …