The peptidoglycan layers of many gram-positive bacteria are densely functionalized with
anionic glycopolymers known as wall teichoic acids (WTAs). These polymers play crucial …

One of the major differences between Gram-negative and Gram-positive organisms is the
presence or absence of an outer membrane (Figure 1). In Gram-negative organisms, the …

Complex glycoconjugates play critical roles in the biology of microorganisms. Despite the
remarkable diversity in glycan structures and the bacteria that produce them, conserved …

Wall teichoic acids are a major and integral component of the Gram-positive cell wall. These
structures are present across all species of Gram-positive bacteria and constitute roughly …

ABSTRACT The Gram-positive pathogen Listeria monocytogenes can be subdivided into at
least 12 different serovars, based on the differential expression of a set of somatic and …

Complex carbohydrates are essential for many biological processes, from protein quality
control to cell recognition, energy storage, and cell wall formation. Many of these processes …

Wall teichoic acid (WTA), a covalent adduct of Gram-positive bacterial cell wall
peptidoglycan, contributes directly to virulence and antibiotic resistance in pathogenic …

The cell-wall peptidoglycan of Staphylococcus aureus is a heterogeneous, highly cross-
linked polymer of unknown tertiary structure. We have partially characterized this structure …

The biosynthetic enzymes involved in wall teichoic acid biogenesis in Gram-positive
bacteria have been the subject of renewed investigation in recent years with the benefit of …

Teichoic acid polymers are composed of polyol-phosphate units and form a major
component of Gram-positive bacterial cell walls. These anionic compounds perform a …