Although several advances have been made in the characterization and the mitigation of
light-induced degradation (LID), industrial silicon solar cells still suffer from different types of …

This article reviews the progress made in the studies of copper in silicon over the last
several years and puts forward a comprehensive model of the behavior of copper in silicon …

We identify two engineering solutions to mitigate light-induced degradation (LID) in p-type
multicrystalline silicon passivated emitter and rear cells, including modification of …

Nickel is increasingly used in both IC and photovoltaic device fabrication, yet it has the
potential to create highly recombination-active precipitates in silicon. For nearly three …

Copper‐plated interconnects were widely adopted for volume manufacture of integrated
circuits after more than a decade of intensive research to demonstrate that use of Cu would …

Predominant dislocation types in solar silicon are dissociated into 30°-and 90°-partials with
reconstructed cores. Besides shallow 1D-band localized in their strain field and a quasi-2D …

The carrier recombination activity of copper in n-type and p-type silicon has been
investigated. The minority carrier diffusion length has been found to decrease monotonically …

Crystalline silicon solar cells with copper‐plated contacts are fabricated, encapsulated in
ethylene‐vinyl acetate (EVA), and subject to extended damp heat stress (85° C and 85 …

This paper concerns diffusion related properties of Cu in Ge and Si. In Ge, Cu prefers to
occupy a substitutional lattice site whereas Cu in Si is mainly dissolved on an interstitial …

In this study, synchrotron-based x-ray absorption microspectroscopy (μ-XAS) is applied to
identify the chemical states of copper-rich clusters within a variety of silicon materials …