The most commonly used equations to estimate glomerular filtration rate incorporate a
binary male-female sex coefficient, which has important implications for the care of …

Urine is commonly used for clinical diagnosis and biomedical research. The discovery of
extracellular vesicles (EV) in urine opened a new fast‐growing scientific field. In the last …

Abstract Background: Cadmium (Cd) is abundantly documented as a metal mainly affecting
tubular function both in workers and in the general population indirectly exposed via the …

The broadband herbicide glyphosate (N-[phosphonomethyl]-glycine) and its main
metabolite aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) were analyzed by GC-MS-MS in 24 h …

Background Observational studies suggest that adequate dietary potassium intake (90–120
mmol/day) may be renoprotective, but the effects of increasing dietary potassium and the risk …

Background Chemical UV filters are common components in sunscreens and cosmetic
products and used to protect the skin against harmful effects of sunlight like sunburn …

Neonicotinoid pesticides have recently drawn attention worldwide owing to their potential
adverse effects on non-target organisms and ecosystems. Exposure to imidacloprid, the …

Background and aims High sodium (Na) and low potassium (K) intake are associated with
hypertension and CVD risk. This study explored the associations of health literacy (HL), food …

Many urinary biomarkers are adjusted for dilution using creatinine or specific gravity. The
aim was to evaluate the variability of creatinine excretion, in 24 h and spot samples, and to …

Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) is a bone-derived hormone that regulates phosphate
homeostasis. Circulating FGF23 is elevated in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and …