Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a commonly encountered syndrome associated with various
aetiologies and pathophysiological processes leading to decreased kidney function. In …

Cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury (CSA-AKI) is the most common clinically
important complication in adult patients undergoing open heart surgery, and is associated …

Despite advancements in standardizing the criteria for acute kidney injury (AKI), its definition
remains based on changes in serum creatinine and urinary output that do not specifically …

Various biomarkers of acute kidney injury (AKI) have been discovered and characterized in
the recent past. These molecules can be detected in urine or blood and signify structural …

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication of critical illnesses and has a significant
impact on outcomes, including mortality and morbidities. Unfortunately, apart from …

Background The early prediction of acute kidney injury (AKI) by current clinical and
laboratory methods remains inadequate. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) …

Interleukin (IL)-18, a member of the IL-1 superfamily, is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that is
structurally similar to IL-1β. IL-18 promotes the production of interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and …

Life expectancy and quality of life for those born with congenital heart disease (CHD) have
greatly improved over the past 3 decades. While representing a great advance for these …

The acute loss of kidney function has been diagnosed for many decades using the serum
concentration of creatinine—a muscle metabolite that is an insensitive and non-specific …

Acute kidney injury (AKI) commonly occurs in hospitalized patients and is independently and
strongly associates with morbidity and mortality. The clinical benefits of a timely and …