Oxidative stress plays an essential role in the pathogenesis of chronic diseases such as
cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer. Long term …

Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) is the most potent pro-fibrogenic cytokine and its
expression is increased in almost all of fibrotic diseases. Although signaling through Smad …

Abstract The European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) provides an ideal
framework to establish multi-disciplinary research networks. COST Action BM1203 (EU …

For a long time, superoxide generation by an NADPH oxidase was considered as an oddity
only found in professional phagocytes. Over the last years, six homologs of the cytochrome …

Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) has long been implicated in fibrotic diseases, including
the multisystem fibrotic disease systemic sclerosis (SSc). Expression of TGF-β-regulated …

Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) is the most potent and ubiquitous profibrogenic
cytokine, and its expression is increased in almost all the fibrotic diseases and in …

Unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) is an experimental rodent model that mimics renal
fibrosis associated with obstructive nephropathy in an accelerated manner. After UUO, the …

Transforming growth factor‐beta (TGF‐β) and oxidative stress/Reactive Oxygen Species
(ROS) both have pivotal roles in health and disease. In this review we are analyzing the …

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays an important role in renal tubulointerstitial
fibrosis and TGF-β1 is the key inducer of EMT. Phosphorylation of Smad proteins and/or …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are products of normal cellular metabolism and are known
to act as second messengers. Under physiological conditions, ROS participate in …