Drug delivery systems are defined as formulations aiming for transportation of a drug to the
desired area of action within the body. The basic component of drug delivery systems is an …

The enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect is a unique phenomenon of solid
tumors related to their anatomical and pathophysiological differences from normal tissues …

In the recent years, protein PEGylation has become an established and highly refined
technology by moving forward from initial simple random coupling approaches based on …

The field of polymer therapeutics has evolved over the past decade and has resulted in the
development of polymer–drug conjugates with a wide variety of architectures and chemical …

Employing combination therapy has become obligatory in cancer cases exhibiting high
tumor load, chemoresistant tumor population, and advanced disease stages. Realization of …

Cisplatin is the first-line treatment for different types of solid tumors, such as ovarian,
testicular, bladder, cervical, head and neck, lung, and esophageal cancers. The main …

PEGylation is a biochemical modification process of bioactive molecules with polyethylene
glycol (PEG), which lends several desirable properties to proteins/peptides, antibodies, and …

Disseminated metastatic breast cancer needs aggressive treatment due to its reduced
response to anticancer treatment and hence low survival and quality of life. Although in …

Pegylation of nanoparticles has been widely implemented in the field of drug delivery to
prevent macrophage clearance and increase drug accumulation at a target site. However …

Since the discovery of nitric oxide (NO) in the 1980s, this cellular messenger has been
shown to participate in diverse biological processes such as cardiovascular homeostasis …