Animal experimentation helps us to understand human biology. Rodents and, in particular,
rats are among the most common animals used in animal experiments. Reporting data on …

Quercetin is a flavonoid abundantly found in fruits and vegetables. It possesses a wide
spectrum of biological activities, thus suggesting a role in disease prevention and health …

In a society where women often want successful careers and equal opportunities to men, the
early nature of ovarian aging often forces women to make difficult life choices between …

Animal models are fundamental to advance our knowledge of the underlying
pathophysiology of bone loss and to study pharmaceutical countermeasures against it. The …

Endowed with superior tailorability and functionality, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs)
have been exploited for their diverse applications in biomedicine. However, the instability of …

Background Postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMO) that results from estrogen withdrawal is
the most common primary osteoporosis among older women. However, little is known about …

The drugs used for treating bone diseases (BDs), at present, elicit hazardous side effects
that include certain types of cancers and strokes, hence the ongoing quest for the discovery …

Osteoclasts are specialised bone resorbing cells that control both physiological and
pathological bone turnover. Functional changes in the differentiation and activity of …

Osteoporosis (OP) is a metabolic bone disease characterized by decreased bone mass and
increased bone fragility. The imbalance of bone homeostasis modulated by osteoclasts and …

Osteoporosis is a common systemic bone disease caused by the imbalance between
osteogenic activity and osteoclastic activity. Aged women are at higher risk of osteoporosis …