Abstract In 2011, the ICOMOS-IFLA International Scientific Committee on Cultural
Landscapes (ISCCL) began the World Rural Landscapes Initiative (WRLI) project to develop …

We evaluate the historical, philosophical, and practical relationships between two fields of
theory and practice: cultural landscape conservation and ecological restoration. Each field …

It is possible to trace a pre-history of cultural property as Marcel Mauss does in his classic
essay The Gift (1990 [1925]) into Roman codes of patronage; as Merryman (2005) does to …

Chinese Heritage Sites and their Audiences provides a Chinese perspective on tourists'
relationship to heritage. Contributing to ongoing debates within heritage and tourism …

In Iran, due to political and economic challenges, historical gardens are not celebrated as an
important part of the country's heritage. The issue of garden conservation is widely …

These loose ends continue to fuel debate today. However, the 1990s were heady times in
the World Heritage system, and seismic shifts were made. The changes to the Operational …

Abstract Budj Bim Cultural Landscape, Australia, is internationally recognised for evidence
of the 6000-year-old Gunditjmara eel aquaculture system. Research supporting a World …

ABSTRACT The Expert Meeting on Cultural Landscapes that took place at La Petite Pierre,
France, in October 1992 was a pivotal or key moment in global heritage practice. The …

Discourse on heritage conservation has undergone significant changes in both scope and
substance since the Nara Document on Authenticity in 1994. Current heritage policy dictates …

One of the hallmarks of Western modernity has been its dualistic, or binary, view of the world
as consisting of distinct realms of culture and nature. In this chapter the authors address two …