The mountain cryosphere of mainland Europe is recognized to have important impacts on a
range of environmental processes. In this paper, we provide an overview on the current …

This paper reviews and analyses the past 20 years of change and variability of European
mountain permafrost in response to climate change based on time series of ground …

The majority of northern peatlands were initiated during the Holocene. Owing to their mass
imbalance, they have sequestered huge amounts of carbon in terrestrial ecosystems …

Most of the world's permafrost is located in the Arctic, where its frozen organic carbon
content makes it a potentially important influence on the global climate system. The Arctic …

Most permafrost is located in the Arctic, where frozen organic carbon makes it an important
component of the global climate system. Despite the fact that the Arctic climate changes …

The values of the snow and soil thermal conductivity, k snow and k soil, strongly impact the
thermal regime of the ground in the Arctic, but very few data are available to test model …

Climate change will cause a substantial future greenhouse gas release from warming and
thawing permafrost-affected soils to the atmosphere enabling a positive feedback …

Abstract Changes in snow precipitation at high latitudes can significantly affect permafrost
thermal conditions and thaw depth, potentially exposing more carbon-laden soil to microbial …

Earth system models (ESMs) are our primary tool for projecting future climate change, but
their ability to represent small-scale land surface processes is currently limited. This is …

Minimizing the risks and impacts of climate change requires limiting the global temperature
increase to 1.5° C above preindustrial levels, while the difficulty of reducing carbon …