The human body generates 10–100 billion cells every day, and the same number of cells
die to maintain homeostasis in our body. Cells infected by bacteria or viruses also die. The …

Our understanding of the biology of the complement system has undergone a drastic
metamorphosis since its original discovery. This system, which was traditionally primarily …

▪ Abstract Complement has both beneficial and deleterious roles in the pathogenesis of
systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). On the one hand, patients with SLE present with …

Characterizing the genome-wide dynamic regulation of gene expression is important and
will be of much interest in the future. However, there is currently no established method for …

Chapter summary Complement is implicated in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus
erythematosus (SLE) in several ways and may act as both friend and foe. Homozygous …

The complement system involves both the innate and the adaptive immune systems and has
important roles in the pathogenesis of SLE. Complement deficiencies within the classical …

The ultimate and most favorable fate of almost all dying cells is engulfment by neighboring
or specialized cells. Efficient clearance of cells undergoing apoptotic death is crucial for …

Apoptotic cell death is an important feature of atherosclerotic plaques, and it seems to exert
both beneficial and detrimental effects depending on the cell type and plaque stage …

Deficiency of classical pathway complement components displays a hierarchical association
with the development of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Individuals with deficiency of …

Phagocytosis of apoptotic cells usually results in an anti-inflammatory state with inhibition of
proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-12. How apoptotic cell-derived signals regulate IL-12 …