Pancreatic β-cell dysfunction plays an important role in the pathogenesis of both type 1 and
type 2 diabetes. Insulin, which is produced in β-cells, is a critical regulator of metabolism …

The pathways that control insulin secretion and regulate pancreatic β-cell mass are crucial
in the development of diabetes mellitus. Maturity-onset diabetes of the young comprises a …

THE disease non-insulin-dependent (type 2) diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) is characterized by
abnormally high blood glucose resulting from a relative deficiency of insulin1. It affects about …

Insulin gene expression is restricted to islet β cells of the mammalian pancreas through
specific control mechanisms mediated in part by specific transcription factors 1, 2. The …

We present genetic and biochemical evidence that PAX6 is a key regulator of pancreatic
islet hormone gene transcription and is required for normal islet development. In embryos …

Considerable progress has been made in the understanding of the sequential activation of
signal transduction pathways and the expression of transcription factors during pancreas …

Mutations in the homeodomain-containing transcription factor hepatocyte nuclear factor
(HNF)-1β are the cause of one form of maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY), type 5 …

The mammalian insulin gene is exclusively expressed in the beta cells of the endocrine
pancreas. Two decades of intensive physiological and biochemical studies have led to the …

The specialized endocrine and exocrine cells of the pancreas originally derive from a pool of
apparently identical cells in the early gut endoderm. Serial changes in their gene expression …

Mutations in the gene for the transcription factor hepatocyte nuclear factor (HNF) 1alpha
cause maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) 3, a form of diabetes that results from …