The microbiota consists of a dynamic multispecies community of bacteria, fungi, archaea,
and protozoans, bringing to the host organism a dowry of cells and genes more numerous …

The intestinal microbiome is a signalling hub that integrates environmental inputs, such as
diet, with genetic and immune signals to affect the host's metabolism, immunity and …

Cell-cell communication via ligand-receptor signaling is a fundamental feature of complex
organs. Despite this, the global landscape of intercellular signaling in mammalian liver has …

Levels of inflammatory mediators in circulation are known to increase with age, but the
underlying cause of this age-associated inflammation is debated. We find that, when …

The innate immune system includes several classes of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs),
including membrane-bound Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and nucleotide-binding …

Improvements in our knowledge of the gut microbiota have broadened our vision of the
microbes associated with the intestine. These microbes are essential actors and protectors …

There is increasing evidence that ingested diet-borne components are involved in the
pathogenesis of disorders such as inflammatory bowel diseases, atherosclerosis, and type 2 …

Gut microbiota, a group of 10 14 bacteria, eukaryotes and virus living in gastrointestinal tract,
is crucial for many physiological processes in particular plays an important role in …

A bottleneck for immunotherapy of cancer is the immunosuppressive microenvironment in
which the tumor cells proliferate. Cancers harness the immune regulatory mechanism that …

The composition of the gut microbiome in industrialized populations differs from those living
traditional lifestyles. However, it has been difficult to separate the contributions of human …