Background The last decade witnessed the emergence of several therapeutic options for
patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) for first-line and relapsed settings. The vast …

Downregulation/loss of the antigen presentation is a major immune escape mechanism in
cancer. It allows tumour cells to become 'invisible'and avoid immune attack by antitumour T …

B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling is aberrantly activated in chronic lymphocytic leukemia
(CLL). Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) is essential to BCR signaling and in knockout mouse …

T-cell expression of programmed death receptor-1 (PD-1) down-regulates the immune
response against malignancy by interacting with cognate ligands (eg, PD-L1) on tumor cells; …

Cancer is associated with immune deficiency, but the biologic basis of this is poorly defined.
Here we demonstrate that impaired actin polymerization results in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells …

Sickle-cell disease is not a reportable condition, making it difficult to ascertain the number of
affected individuals. We estimated the number of people with sickle-cell disease for the …

Purpose Lenalidomide is a novel immunomodulatory agent with antiproliferative activities.
Given its efficacy in a wide range of hematologic malignancies, we conducted a phase II trial …

Fifty years ago, prescription of the sedative thalidomide caused a worldwide epidemic of
multiple birth defects. The drug is now used in the treatment of leprosy and multiple …

Purpose Lenalidomide is an immunomodulatory drug active as salvage therapy for chronic
lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). We combined lenalidomide with rituximab to improve response …

The presence of renal dysfunction in a patient receiving chemotherapy can be devastating.
Although many patients with cancer have underlying compromised renal function, some …