The function and survival of all organisms is dependent on the dynamic control of energy
metabolism, when energy demand is matched to energy supply. The AMP-activated protein …

Protein kinases operate in a large number of distinct signaling pathways, where the tight
regulation of their catalytic activity is crucial to the development and maintenance of …

The ATM protein kinase, mutations of which are associated with the human disease ataxia–
telangiectasia, mediates responses to ionizing radiation in mammalian cells. Here we show …

The shoot apical meristem is responsible for above-ground organ initiation in higher plants,
accomplishing continuous organogenesis by maintaining a pool of undifferentiated cells and …

Active and Inactive Protein Kinases: Structural Basis for Regulation: Cell Skip to Main
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The crystal structure of the human cyclinA-cyclin-dependent kinase2 (CDK2)-ATP complex
has been determined at 2.3 A resolution. CyclinA binds to one side of CDK2's catalytic cleft …

Posttranslational modification by phosphorylation is a ubiquitous regulatory mechanism in
both eukaryotes and prokaryotes. Intracellular phosphorylation by protein kinases, triggered …

The X-ray crystal structure of the tyrosine kinase domain of the human insulin receptor has
been determined by multiwavelength anomalous diffraction phasing and refined to 2.1 Å …

Phosphorylation of proteins is a ubiquitous mechanism of regulating their function,
localization, or activity. Protein kinases, enzymes that use ATP to phosphorylate protein …

The structure of the active form of the MAP kinase ERK2 has been solved, phosphorylated
on a threonine and a tyrosine residue within the phosphorylation lip. The lip is refolded …