Abstract The Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) began 30 years ago with the goal of
providing timely, valid and relevant assessments of critical health outcomes. Over this …

Summary The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019
provides a rules-based synthesis of the available evidence on levels and trends in health …

Background Diabetes is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide, and
affects people regardless of country, age group, or sex. Using the most recent evidentiary …

Background: The cancer burden in the United States of America (USA) has decreased
gradually. However, China is experiencing a transition in its cancer profiles, with greater …

Importance The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2019 (GBD
2019) provided systematic estimates of incidence, morbidity, and mortality to inform local …

Background Human resources for health (HRH) include a range of occupations that aim to
promote or improve human health. The UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the …

Background Understanding health trends and estimating the burden of disease at the
national and subnational levels helps policy makers track progress and identify disparities in …

In all cities and urban areas, the risk faced by people and assets from hazards associated
with climate change has increased (high confidence1). Urban areas are now home to 4.2 …

Importance Preterm birth complications are the leading cause of death in children younger
than 5 years worldwide. Despite advancing knowledge of risk factors and mechanisms …

Background The infection-fatality ratio (IFR) is a metric that quantifies the likelihood of an
individual dying once infected with a pathogen. Understanding the determinants of IFR …