The interferons (IFNs) are a family of cytokines that protect against disease by direct effects
on target cells and by activating immune responses. The production and actions of IFNs are …

Accumulated evidence obtained from various clinical trials and animal studies suggested
that cancer vaccines need better adjuvants than those that are currently licensed, which …

Immunotherapy is currently under intensive investigation as a potential breakthrough
treatment option for glioblastoma. Given the anatomical and immunological complexities …

Glioma represents a fast proliferating and highly invasive brain tumor which is resistant to
current therapies and invariably recurs. Despite some advancements in anti-glioma …

Pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) are stand-alone immunomodulators or
'danger signals,'that are increasingly recognized as critical components of many modern …

Type I interferons (IFNs) facilitate cancer immunosurveillance, antitumor immunity and
antitumor efficacy of conventional cell death-inducing therapies (chemotherapy/radiotherapy …

Gliomas are the most common primary central nervous system tumors occurring in children
and adults with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). Over the past decade, discoveries of the …

Optic pathway glioma (OPG) occurs in as many as one-fifth of individuals with the
neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) cancer predisposition syndrome. Generally considered low …

Immunostimulatory monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) exert antineoplastic effects by eliciting a
novel or reinstating a pre-existing antitumor immune response. Most often …

Given its ability to induce both humoral and cellular immune responses, NY-ESO-1 has
been considered a suitable antigen for a cancer vaccine. Despite promising results from …