Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRSs) are crucial for the correct assembly of amino acids to
cognate tRNA to maintain the fidelity of proteosynthesis. AaRSs have become a hot target in …

The amide proteogenic amino acids, asparagine and glutamine, are two of the twenty amino
acids used in translation by all known life. The aminoacyl‐tRNA synthetases for asparagine …

The absence of orthogonal aminoacyl-transfer RNA (tRNA) synthetases that accept non-l-α-
amino acids is a primary bottleneck hindering the in vivo translation of sequence-defined …

The translation of messenger RNA sequences into polypeptide sequences according to the
genetic code is central to life. How this process, which relies on the ribosomal machinery …

The pyrrolysyl-tRNA synthetase (PylRS) facilitates the cotranslational installation of the 22nd
amino acid pyrrolysine. Owing to its tolerance for diverse amino acid substrates, and its …

Over the past two decades, synthetic biological systems have revolutionized the study of
cellular physiology. The ability to site‐specifically incorporate biologically relevant non …

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRSs) are modular enzymes globally conserved in the three
kingdoms of life. All catalyze the same two-step reaction, ie, the attachment of a …

Pyrrolysine is the 22nd proteinogenic amino acid encoded into proteins in response to
amber (TAG) codons in a small number of archaea and bacteria. The incorporation of …

The origin of all extant life on earth is intimately linked to the establishment of the principal
components of the Genetic Code. Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRS), by virtue of their …

Genetic code expansion (GCE) has become a central topic of synthetic biology. GCE relies
on engineered aminoacyl‐tRNA synthetases (aaRSs) and a cognate tRNA species to allow …