Simple Summary Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are an eco-friendly
alternative to the use of chemicals in agricultural production and crop protection. However …

In natural environments, plants are exposed to diverse microbiota that they interact with in
complex ways. While plant–pathogen interactions have been intensely studied to …

Legumes form symbiosis with rhizobium leading to the development of nitrogen-fixing
nodules. By integrating single-nucleus and spatial transcriptomics, we established a cell …

Rhizobial infection and root nodule formation in legumes require recognition of signal
molecules produced by the bacteria and their hosts. Here, we show that rhizobial transfer …

Most land plants benefit from endosymbiotic interactions with mycorrhizal fungi, including
legumes and some nonlegumes that also interact with endosymbiotic nitrogen (N)-fixing …

Flavonoids are crucial signaling molecules in the symbiosis between legumes and their
nitrogen-fixing symbionts, the rhizobia. The primary function of flavonoids in the interaction is …

Plants are now recognized as metaorganisms which are composed of a host plant
associated with a multitude of microbes that provide the host plant with a variety of essential …

Plant roots interact with an enormous diversity of commensal, mutualistic, and pathogenic
microbes, which poses a big challenge to roots to distinguish beneficial microbes from …

In the light of intensification of cropping practices and changing climatic conditions,
nourishing a growing global population requires optimizing environmental sustainability and …

New research results have significantly revised our understanding of the rhizobium–legume
infection process. For example, Nod factors (NFs), previously thought to be absolutely …