Fused deposition modelling (FDM) is one of the fastest-growing additive manufacturing
methods used in printing fibre-reinforced composites (FRC). The performances of the …

Material extrusion (ME) is one of the most common Additive Manufacturing (AM) techniques
in use today due to low equipment and feedstock costs and a broad range of compatible …

Background A 3D printing technology is applied to digitally design and manufacture a 3D
object by using a laser or an inkjet device controlled by a computer. 3D printing has …

Abstract Four-dimensional (4D) printing technology of continuous carbon fiber reinforced
shape memory polymer composites is a potential manufacturing process for lightweight and …

The potential of additive manufacturing to produce optimised and customized polymeric
parts is often impaired by poor surface finish, low mechanical properties, and insufficient …

Fused filament fabrication (FFF) has been widely used to develop prototypes as well as
functional parts owing to its capability for creating parts with complex geometries in a short …

Due to the availability of materials and low cost for production, fused deposition modeling is
becoming the most widely used additive manufacturing (AM) technology. However, the …

Compared with laser-based 3D printing, fused deposition modelling (FDM) 3D printing
technology is simple and safe to operate and has a low cost and high material utilization …

Fused deposition modeling (FDM) is a 3D printing technology in which the melt extrusion
method is used for the production of thermoplastic parts. 3D printed thermoplastic materials …

Application of Additive Manufacturing (AM) has significantly increased in the past few years.
AM also known as three-dimensional (3D) printing has been currently used in fabrication of …