Histidine protein kinases and response regulators form the basis of phosphotransfer signal
transduction pathways. Commonly referred to as two-component systems, these modular …

Rhizobia are α-and β-proteobacteria that form a symbiotic partnership with legumes, fixing
atmospheric dinitrogen to ammonia and providing it to the plant. Oxygen regulation is key in …

Post-translational phosphorylation is a ubiquitous mechanism for modulating protein activity
and protein-protein interactions. In this work, we examine how phosphorylation can …

Phosphoserine phosphatase (PSP) is a member of a large class of enzymes that catalyze
phosphoester hydrolysis using a phosphoaspartate–enzyme intermediate. PSP is a likely …

The crystal structure of BeF 3−-activated CheY, with manganese in the magnesium binding
site, was determined at 2.4-Å resolution. BeF 3− bonds to Asp 57, the normal site of …

Two-component systems are a class of sensors that enable bacteria to respond to
environmental and cell-state signals. The canonical system consists of a membrane-bound …

Background: D-Serine is a co-agonist of the N-methyl-D-aspartate subtype of glutamate
receptors, a major neurotransmitter receptor family in mammalian nervous systems. D …

Methods First, MD ensembles are mapped onto a canonical set of representative fragments,
ie a set of discrete 4-residue states [3]. By this mapping, the contribution of rigid fragment …

Staphylococcus aureus VraR, a vancomycin-resistance-associated response regulator,
activates a cell-wall–stress stimulon in response to antibiotics that inhibit cell wall formation …

Two-component systems, the predominant signal transduction strategy used by prokaryotes,
involve phosphorelay from a sensor histidine kinase (HK) to an intracellular response …