The analogy of mitochondria as powerhouses has expired. Mitochondria are living, dynamic,
maternally inherited, energy-transforming, biosynthetic, and signaling organelles that …

Numerous mitochondrial constituents and metabolic products can function as damage-
associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and promote inflammation when released into the …

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) viral proteins bind to host
mitochondrial proteins, likely inhibiting oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and stimulating …

Mitochondria have recently emerged as key drivers of inflammation associated with cell
death. Many of the pro-inflammatory pathways activated during cell death occur upon …

As brutally demonstrated by the COVID-19 pandemic, an effective immune system is
essential for survival. Developed over evolutionary time, viral nucleic acid detection is a …

Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) is associated with most viral infections—it either constitutes
the viral genome (in the case of dsRNA viruses) or is generated in host cells during viral …

Autoreactive B cells and interferons are central players in systemic lupus erythematosus
(SLE) pathogenesis. The partial success of drugs targeting these pathways, however …

Metabolic rewiring underlies the effector functions of macrophages,–, but the mechanisms
involved remain incompletely defined. Here, using unbiased metabolomics and stable …

According to the endosymbiotic theory, most of the DNA of the original bacterial
endosymbiont has been lost or transferred to the nucleus, leaving a much smaller (∼ 16 kb …

INTRODUCTION Interferons (IFNs) are cytokines that are rapidly deployed in response to
invading pathogens. By initiating a signaling cascade that stimulates the expression of …