Paleontology, archeology, and art history provide crucial information for the understanding
of human evolution throughout ages and its habits. Past animal and plant species are also …

The preservation of bone or bioapatite over geologic time has presented paleobiologists
with long-standing and formidable questions. Namely, to elucidate the mechanisms …

RATIONALE We report the use of proteomics techniques to study how the fossil bone
proteome changes in complexity over one million years. METHODS We include the …

Sequence data from biomolecules such as DNA and proteins, which provide critical
information for evolutionary studies, have been assumed to be forever outside the reach of …

The persistence of original soft tissues in Mesozoic fossil bone is not explained by current
chemical degradation models. We identified iron particles (goethite-αFeO (OH)) associated …

Reducing levels of the aggregation-prone Aβ peptide that accumulates in the brain with
Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been a major target of experimental therapies. An alternative …

Mosasaurs are marine squamates with a 32.5 million-year history from their appearance at
98 Ma to their extinction at the K–Pg boundary (65.5 Ma). Using a database of 43 generic …

The discovery of soft, transparent microstructures in dinosaur bone consistent in morphology
with osteocytes was controversial. We hypothesize that, if original, these microstructures will …

Fossil dinosaur embryos are surprisingly rare, being almost entirely restricted to Upper
Cretaceous strata that record the late stages of non-avian dinosaur evolution,. Notable …

A histological ground-section from a duck-billed dinosaur nestling (Hypacrosaurus
stebingeri) revealed microstructures morphologically consistent with nuclei and …