The brain is a highly energy-demanding organ and requires bioenergetic adaptability to
balance normal activity with pathophysiological fuelling of spontaneous recurrent seizures …

Glutamate is the primary excitatory neurotransmitter of the brain. Cellular homeostasis of
glutamate is of paramount importance for normal brain function and relies on an intricate …

The Ketogenic Diet (KD) is a modality of treatment used since the 1920s as a treatment for
intractable epilepsy. It has been proposed as a dietary treatment that would produce similar …

Various mechanisms in the mammalian body provide resilience against food deprivation
and dietary stress. The ketone body β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) is synthesized in the liver from …

High-fat, low-carbohydrate diets, known as ketogenic diets, have been used as a non-
pharmacological treatment for refractory epilepsy. A key mechanism of this treatment is …

3-hydroxybutyrate (3-HB) as a very important metabolite occurs in animals, bacteria and
plants. It is well known that in animals, 3-HB is formed as a product of the normal metabolism …

Traditionally, the ketone body β-hydroxybutyrate (βOHB) has been looked upon as a carrier
of energy from liver to peripheral tissues during fasting or exercise. However, βOHB also …

The ketogenic diet (KD) is a high-fat, low-carbohydrate and adequate-protein diet that has
gained popularity in recent years in the context of neurological diseases (NDs). The …

Importance The ketogenic diet (KD) has been used successfully to treat children with drug-
resistant epilepsy. Data assessing the efficacy of the modified Atkins diet (MAD) and low …

Neuronal excitation is regulated by energy metabolism, and drug-resistant epilepsy can be
suppressed by special diets. Here, we report that seizures and epileptiform activity are …