Abstract In 1990, George Miller published an article entitled “The Assessment of Clinical
Skills/Competence/Performance” that had an immediate and lasting impact on medical …

Background Interest in surgical careers among medical students has declined over the past
decade. Multiple explanations have been offered for why top students are deterred or …

Background Women are under-represented in surgery and leave training in higher
proportions than men. Studies in this area are without a feminist lens and predominantly use …

Purpose To analyze the plural definitions and applications of the term “hidden curriculum”
within the medical education literature and to propose a conceptual framework for …

This review uses research literature to outline the characteristics, benefits and
disadvantages of formal, non-formal, and informal learning. There appears to be a …

Figure 1:(A) Scatterplot of the proportion of women in a specialty and the average gross
payments per physician by specialty.(B) Scatterplot of the proportion of women in a specialty …

Importance Sex-based income disparities are well documented in medicine and most
pronounced in surgery. These disparities are commonly attributed to differences in hours …

Context The trajectory towards becoming a medical professional is strongly situated within
the clinical workplace. Through participatory engagement, medical trainees learn to address …

Background Peer-assisted learning (PAL) increasingly features within medical school
curricula. While there is evidence of its effectiveness, less is known about how it promotes …

Chinese higher education policy texts appear to suggest that training 'para-diplomats' is a
goal of China's international student recruitment. However, few studies have considered the …