Evolution of RNA viruses occurs through disequilibria of collections of closely related mutant
spectra or mutant clouds termed viral quasispecies. Here we review the origin of the …

Hepatitis C was first recognized as a distinct form of liver disease in the mid-1970s with the
advent of diagnostic tests for hepatitis A and B virus infection (A LTER et al. 1975; P RINCE …

The PKR protein kinase is a critical component of the cellular antiviral and antiproliferative
responses induced by interferons. Recent evidence indicates that the nonstructural 5A …

As obligate intracellular parasites, viruses rely exclusively on the translational machinery of
the host cell for the synthesis of viral proteins. This relationship has imposed numerous …

Hepatitis C virus (HCV), a major cause of liver disease worldwide, is frequently resistant to
the antiviral alpha interferon (IFN). The HCV nonstructural 5A (NS5A) protein has been …

Some direct-acting antiviral agents for hepatitis C virus (HCV), such as telaprevir and
boceprevir have been available since 2011. It was reported that HCV NS5A is associated …

Recently, we found that more than 10% of the cases of acute non-A, non-B, non-C hepatitis
in Taiwan were caused by a novel strain of hepatitis E virus (HEV). Since none of these …

Although hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is an emerging global epidemic causing severe
liver disorders, the molecular mechanisms of HCV pathogenesis remain elusive. The NS5A …

Hepatitis C virus infection represents a major problem of public health with around 350
millions of chronically infected individuals worldwide. The frequent evolution towards severe …

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is prevalent worldwide and has become a major cause of liver
dysfunction and hepatocellular carcinoma. The high prevalence of HCV reflects the …