How do the Internet and social media affect political outcomes? We review empirical
evidence from the recent political economy literature, focusing primarily on work that …

We survey the empirical literature in economics on the impact of media technologies on
social capital. Guided by a simple model of information and collective action, we cover a …

Media outlets often present diverging, even conflicting, perspectives on reality—not only
informing, but potentially misinforming audiences. We study the extent to which …

The rise of social media has provoked both optimism about potential societal benefits and
concern about harms such as addiction, depression, and political polarization. In a …

This paper investigates the link between social media and hate crime. We show that
antirefugee sentiment on Facebook predicts crimes against refugees in otherwise similar …

We study how social media affects election outcomes in the United States. We use variation
in the number of Twitter users across counties induced by early adopters at the 2007 South …

We demonstrate that exposure to the news media causes Americans to take public stands
on specific issues, join national policy conversations, and express themselves publicly—all …

The rise of opinion programs has transformed television news. Because they present
anchors' subjective commentary and analysis, opinion programs often convey conflicting …

This paper studies information diffusion in social media and the potential role of bots in
influencing public opinions. Using Twitter data on the 2016 EU Referendum (“Brexit”) and …

In the context of the digital era, the value of news media on guiding novel green production
and consumption is increasingly recognized in recent years. Despite the media coverage …