Abstract The Free-Space Optical (FSO) communication system has proven its capability to
enhance spectral efficiency and support high data rates owing to its large available …

Smart grid generally refers to a class of technology which was revealed with the aid of two-
way communications techniques. These techniques allow a real-time transfer of data and …

Free-space optical communication provides an alternative to radio frequency (RF)
communication over the last two decades. Besides this advantages of the FSO, the major …

In this paper, we investigate the performance of Spectral Amplitude Coding Optical Code
Division Multiple Access technique based on Free Space Optical channel. SAC OCDMA is …

This work investigates the integration of electrical to optical (E/O) and optical to electrical
(E/O) communication systems. Two ways of transition, namely, hybrid fiber optic (FO) and …

Abstract Free Space Optical (FSO) has a very good potential alternative solution to Radio
Frequency (RF) to provide high terrestrial wireless communication. In tropical region, the …

In this investigation, relation between bit error rate (BER) versus atmospheric effect present
in the channel has been analyzed for free-space optical communication (FSO) system. This …

This paper demonstrates the effect of haze condition on free space optical (FSO)
communication and to thin out the attenuation effects. The effects in the main focus on the …

Green technology is an important concept in the communication world. Reducing bit error
rate (BER) at the receiver end has major effect on the signal quality, signal energy, and …

In the proposed system, a 450nm blue laser diode is directly modulated by 16 Quadrature
Amplitude Modulation (QAM) data which are orthogonal. The simulation is done by …