Cryopreservation technology has developed into a fundamental and important supporting
method for biomedical applications such as cell‐based therapeutics, tissue engineering …

Antifreeze proteins (AFPs) were discovered in marine fishes that need protection from
freezing. These ice-binding proteins (IBPs) are widespread across biological kingdoms, and …

Water freezing is ubiquitous and affects areas as diverse as climate, the chemical industry,
cryobiology and materials science. Ice nucleation is the controlling step in water freezing …

The ice formation processes on solid surfaces are complex and diverse, which makes it a
daunting challenge to design an icephobic material that is functional under different icing …

Cryopreservation of tissues and organs can bring transformative changes to medicine and
medical science. In the past decades, limited progress has been achieved, although …

Icing of surfaces is commonplace in nature and technology, affecting everyday life and
sometimes causing catastrophic events. Understanding (and counteracting) surface icing …

Ice-binding proteins (IBPs) are a diverse class of proteins that assist organism survival in the
presence of ice in cold climates. They have different origins in many organisms, including …

Surfaces that can passively mitigate ice accretion have recently attracted significant interest
as an alternative to cost-intensive, active, de-icing technologies. After decades of research …

Cysteine thiols are among the most reactive functional groups in proteins, and their pairing
in disulfide linkages is a common post-translational modification in proteins entering the …

Proteins, through their unique and specific interactions with other macromolecules and
inorganics, control structures and functions of all biological hard and soft tissues in …