Although air pollution is well known to be harmful to the lung and airways, it can also
damage most other organ systems of the body. It is estimated that about 500,000 lung …

Household energy is increasingly vital for maintaining good health. Unaffordable and
inadequate household energy presents adverse consequences that are amplified by poverty …

Communities of color in the United States are systematically exposed to higher levels of air
pollution. We explore here how redlining, a discriminatory mortgage appraisal practice from …

Introduction: Redlining, a racist mortgage appraisal practice of the 1930s, established and
exacerbated racial residential segregation boundaries in the United States. Investment risk …

The grassroots movement that placed environmental justice issues on the national stage
around 1980 was soon followed up by research documenting the correlation between …

We previously proposed that socioeconomic status (SES) is a fundamental cause of health
inequalities and, as such, that SES inequalities in health persist over time despite radical …

This article reviews the scientific research that indicates that despite marked declines in
public support for negative racial attitudes in the United States, racism, in its multiple forms …

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in women, yet differences exist among
certain racial and ethnic groups. Aside from traditional risk factors, behavioral and …

Racial minorities bear a disproportionate burden of morbidity and mortality. These inequities
might be explained by racism, given the fact that racism has restricted the lives of racial …

We describe spatial patterns in environmental injustice and inequality for residential outdoor
nitrogen dioxide (NO2) concentrations in the contiguous United States. Our approach …