Atmospheric currents influence the choice of migratory routes and flight characteristics of
birds as well as their decisions regarding migration onset and stopovers. Among long …

The nominal subspecies of the Black Kite is a summer resident in Europe and Asia that
winters mostly in western Africa, although numbers of birds wintering in the Mediterranean …

This book examines current knowledge on the evolution, ecology, and conservation biology
of both New World vultures (Cathartidae) and Old World vultures (Accipitridae). Extinct …

Raptors primarily use soaring-gliding flight which exploits thermals and ridge lifts over land
to reduce energetic costs. However during migration, these birds often have to cross water …

The ontogeny of migration routines used by wild birds remains unresolved. Here we
investigated the migratory orientation of juvenile lesser spotted eagles (LSE; Clanga …

The short-toed snake eagle (Circaetus gallicus) uses mostly soaring flight over land during
migration to avoid long sea crossings. In particular, birds breeding in central Italy cross the …

Water bodies are considered a barrier to the migration of large bird species, mainly because
of the absence of thermals that these birds heavily rely on to move large distances with little …

Movement ecology and environmental factors are topics of paramount importance to
consider when planning conservation programmes for target species. Here we discuss this …

Abstract The Western Marsh Harrier (Circus aeruginosus) is a summer visitor in northern,
eastern, and central Europe. Some birds, mostly juveniles and adult females, winter in the …

Abstract The European population of Black Kites of the nominate subspecies Milvus migrans
migrans (Boddaert, 1783) is estimated at 81,200–109,000 pairs. The birds winter in Africa …