Molluscan gastropods have long been used for studying the cellular and molecular
mechanisms underlying learning and memory. One such gastropod, the pond snail …

Serotonin is a well-known neurotransmitter and neurohormone regulating mood, sleep,
feeding, and learning in high organisms. Serotonin also affects the embryonic events related …

Recent evidence indicates that mechanisms involved in reward and mechanisms involved in
learning interact, in that reward includes learning processes and learning includes reward …

Behavioural/motivational state is known to influence nearly all aspects of physiology and
behaviour. The cellular basis of behavioural state control is only partially understood. Our …

The involvement of serotonin in mediating hungerrelated changes in behavioral state has
been described in many invertebrates. However, the mechanisms by which hunger signals …

Aggressive behavior is important for animals to obtain limited resources. Understanding fish
behavior and physiological response is of great significance to evaluate aquaculture …

A detailed biochemical and pharmacological analysis of the dopaminergic (DAergic) and
serotonergic (5-HTergic) systems was performed during the embryogenesis of Lymnaea …

The pond snail Lymnaea learns conditioned taste aversion (CTA) and remembers not to
respond to food substances that initially cause a feeding response. The possible …

Crawling gastropods are unique models for studying the functioning of smooth muscles and
ciliated epithelia, since they cover the foot sole and are involved in locomotion, allowing for …

A novel food followed by sickness, causes a taste-specific conditioned aversion, known as
the 'Garcia effect'. We recently found that both a heat shock stressor (30° C for 1 h-HS) and …