Until recently, the assumption of the language-teaching literature has been that new
languages are best taught and learned monolingually, without the use of the students' own …

In this paper I provide a review of the historical development of different research paradigms
and approaches adopted in studies on classroom code-switching. I also discuss the …

Now in its second edition, Language Curriculum Design describes the steps involved in the
curriculum design process, elaborates and justifies these steps, and provides opportunities …

For many decades, foreign language teaching has been dominated by the principle that
teachers should use only the target language (TL) and avoid using the mother tongue (L1) …

The Routledge Encyclopedia of Language Teaching and Learning is an authoritative
handbook dealing with all aspects of this increasingly important field of study. It has been …

Learning to read and write is viewed as a key to success in many local, national, and
international societies (Gunderson, 2007, 2009) and success is often related to learning …

With an increase in the number of learners and speakers of English as an additional
language entering the English language teaching field, especially in Outer and Expanding …

Present-day globalization, migration, and the spread of English have resulted in a great
diversity of social and educational contexts in which English learning is taking place. A basic …

This book focuses on the use of the L1 in communicative or immersion-type classrooms.
Through the intersection of theory, practice, curriculum and policy, the book calls for a …

When analyzed in multilingual contexts, English is often treated as an entity that is separable
from its linguistic environment. It is often the case, however, that multilinguals use English in …